Cervical cancer continues to cast a shadow over women’s health, taking a heavy toll worldwide. With a staggering 660,000 new cases reported in 2022 alone and a mortality rate of 350,000 in low- and middle-income countries, it stands as the fourth most common cancer among women globally, as per the World Health Organization (WHO).

Primarily targeting women, cervical cancer often strikes those aged between 30 and 55, though it can strike at any age. Cervical cancer is caused by multiple reinfections of the HPV, for over 10-15 years. However, individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those living with HIV/AIDS, or women who smoke face a high risk of developing cervical cancer.

RISK FACTORS

Risk factors increases a person’s chance of developing cancer. It’s important to note that not all risk factors directly cause cancer.

Chief among the risk factors for cervical cancer is the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, commonly transmitted through sexual contact. Additionally, early onset of sexual activity, engagement with multiple sexual partners, early marriage, smoking, prolonged use of oral contraceptives, engaging in unprotected sex, and history of sexually transmitted infections are also identified as risk factors for cervical cancer

THE SIGNIFICANCE AWARENESS

Understanding the risk factors associated with cervical cancer empowers individuals to make informed decisions regarding their cervical health and screening practices. Additionally, fostering open dialogue about HPV and cervical cancer serves to destigmatize the conversation, dispelling misinformation and alleviating fear surrounding the disease.

Early detection plays a critical role in preventing cervical cancer as it ensures prompt initiation of treatment, significantly improving outcomes and reducing mortality rates.

The World Health Organization (WHO) outlines a comprehensive approach to eliminate cervical cancer. This strategy includes vaccinating 90% of girls aged 9-14 with the HPV vaccine, screening 70% of women aged 25 and above for cervical cancer and HPV, and ensuring that 90% of those identified with precancerous cells receive treatment.

A MULTIFACETED APPROACH

Effectively addressing cervical cancer demands a multifaceted approach. Governments must prioritize funding for accessible screening programs, particularly in underserved communities.

Healthcare providers play a crucial role in advocating for routine screenings during primary care visits and implementing effective health information systems to track individuals along the screening-treatment-follow-up cascade, minimizing loss to follow-up. Education campaigns must underscore the importance of HPV vaccination and regular screenings.

Individuals can take charge of their health by staying informed, practicing safe sex, and attending regular screenings. By actively engaging in these preventive measures, individuals contribute to the collective effort in combating cervical cancer.

CONCLUSION

Cervical cancer remains a preventable disease, yet its impact persists due to inadequate awareness and limited access to screening. By comprehending the risk factors and adopting proactive measures, we can significantly reduce its prevalence and save lives. Let us join forces in the fight against cervical cancer, ensuring that every woman has access to early detection and treatment, paving the way towards a healthier future for all

REFERENCES

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9470178

https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/survival

https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6518992

https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/cervical-cancer/risk-factorshttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer